苏联潜艇部队在二战中的成绩与损失 0 Use of Soviet submarines during WWII [according to statistics from 2004] ?;ok9Y >qmCjY1 Soviet submarines sank by torpedos and artillery fire: G](4!G& I. Pacific Ocean fleet - 4 enemy ships [Japanese] were sank by submarines in 1945: 2 small steamers, 1 cable wessel and 1 seine-netter. lvO6&sF1 5 Soviet submarines were lost in Pacific during WWII. $^ws#}j . 5(YL8d II. North fleet - 35 enemy ships [German] were sank in 1941-1944: 20 transports, 7 anti-submarine boats, 5 auxiliary patrol ships, 1 submarine, 1 mine-sweeper, 1 auxiliary ship. In addition 4 transports [19390 brt] were seriously damaged. The most successful year - 1943 [15 ships were sank]. N*o{BboK; 23 Soviet submarines were lost in Arctic during WWII. The worsest year - also 1943 [10 losses]. 1[!v{F%] J-v1"7[2GC III. Black Sea fleet - 45 ships [18 German, 2 Italian, 6 Romanian, 3 Bulgarian, 16 neutral Turkish] were sank in 1941-1944: 43 transports + tankers + anding barges. The most successful year - 1943 [17 ships were sank]. @AEH?gOX 28 Soviet submarines wele lost in Black Sea during WWII. The worsest year - 1942 [13 submarines were lost]. )XN_|zCk aOwjYl[?p IV. Baltic Sea fleet - 48 ships [17 German, 7 Finnish, 1 Danish, 2 Dutch, 11 Norwegian, 10 neutral Swedish] were sank in 1941-1945: 1 submarine, 1 mine-sweeper, 1 patrol ship, 1 training ship, 1 depot ship, 2 tankers, 1 tug, 1 barge, 37 transports, 2 seine-netters. The most successful year - 1942 [22 ships were sank] !ZYPz}&N_ 45 Soviet submarines wele lost in Baltic during WWII. The worsest year - 1941 [27 submarines were lost]. :RIz6Tz B.q/}\
?( The success of Soviet submarines was mediocre - USSR used 277 submarines during WWII [165 submarines were in 1939 - the largest world's submarine fleet]. They sank [by torpedos, artillery fire, mines] 191 ships during Winter war, wars with Germany and Japan in all seas - 4 submarines, 3 small destroyers, 11 patrol ships, 9 patrol boats, 2 mine-_layer_s, 6 mine-sweepers, 9 landing barges, 6 military tankers, 6 military transports, 3 depot ships, 2 hospital ship, 1 training ship, 1 cable wessel, 6 tugs, 6 barges, 9 trawler ships, 1 small fishing ship, 86 transports, 2 tankers, 18 motor-sailing ships [172.785 brt total]. This data includes 5 ships were sank during Winter War [2 German, 1 Finnish, 1 Swedish, 1 Estonian]. 6O7s^d&K
p{g4`o Soviets achieved rate 1.89 [191 sank ships per 101 lost submarines]. British submarines achieved the ratio 9.29 [632 sank ships per 68 lost submarines], USN submarines achived fantastic ratio 24.15 as they performed in much more favourable conditions in comparison with other navies [1280 sank ships per 53 lost submarines]. hx:q@[ +J/ Axis forces - Italian submarines had the ratio 1.1; Germans had the ratio 2.69 [2973 sank ships(!) per 1060 lost submarines including sank under capitulation]; Japanese - 1.73. 4dX{an]Cz 1. 太平洋舰队 }Kp!, 成绩:击沉4艘敌船(日本),两艘蒸汽船,一艘布缆船,一艘拖网渔船 SiLW[JXd 损失:5艘潜艇 8=`L#FkRp ,CfslhO{j 2. 北方舰队 }KI/fh 成绩:1941到1944年共击沉35艘敌船(德国),20艘运输舰,7艘猎潜艇,5艘辅助巡逻船,一艘扫雷舰,一艘辅助船。另外4艘重创。最成功的年份是1943年,共击沉15艘敌船。 k
QuEG5n.- 损失:总共有23艘潜艇损失在北冰洋,最惨重的时间也是1943年,全年损失10艘潜艇。 Q/+`9z+c =nhY;pY3u 3. 黑海舰队 =yf)Z^ 成绩:1941到1944年共共击沉48艘船,18艘德国的,2艘意大利的,6艘罗马尼亚,三艘保加利亚,16艘中立国土耳其的。它们包括43艘运输船,还有5艘是油船和驳船。最成功的年份是1943年,全年凊?沉17艘。 ,vR?iNd:q[ 损失:共有28艘潜艇损失在黑海,最坏的年份42年,全年损失13艘潜艇。 dHc\M|HCC r)*23 &Ojs 4. 波罗的海舰队 m\6/:~qWW 成绩:从1941到1945共击沉48艘船,17艘德国的,7艘芬兰的,一艘丹麦的,2艘荷兰的,11艘挪威的,10艘中立国瑞典的。共计一艘潜艇,一艘扫雷舰,一艘巡逻艇,一艘训练船,一艘补给船,2艘油船,一艘拖船,一艘驳船,37艘运输船,2艘拖网渔船。最成功的年份,1942年,击沉22艘。 94"+l@K IfK~~XYG 损失:在波罗的海总共损失45艘潜艇,最坏的年份1941年,27艘潜艇被击沉。 i2,4:M)CV 7Y5 r3a}% 评论:苏联潜艇部队总的来说战绩平平,在二战中苏联前后拥有277艘潜艇,在1939年,苏联拥有165艘潜艇,是世界上最大的潜艇部队。在冬季战争,卫国战争,和对日作战中使用鱼雷火炮水雷,共击沉191艘船,他们包括4艘潜艇,三艘小型驱逐舰,11艘巡逻船,9艘巡逻艇,2艘布雷舰,6艘扫雷艇,9艘登陆驳船,6艘军用油船,6艘军用运输舰,三艘补给船,2艘医疗船,一艘训练船,一艘布缆船,6艘拖船,6艘驳船,9艘拖捞渔船,一艘小型渔船,86艘运输船,2艘油船,18艘机帆船。这些数据包括了冬季战争的5艘成绩(2艘德国的,一艘芬兰的,一艘瑞典的,一艘爱沙尼亚的) vd%g'fTy9 9TW[;P2> ) 苏联的潜艇部队的胜利/损失交换比为1.89(击沉191/损失101),英国潜艇部队交换比为9.29(632/68),美国潜艇部队交换比为24.15(1280/53)。 0gd`W{YP 轴心国方面意大利潜艇部队交换比为1.1,德国为2.69(2973/1060),1060这个损失数字包括了德国投降之后沉没的潜艇。 zjpZ] $ SMEl'y 日本潜艇部队交换比为1.73 |